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Start date: 2023Geographical Area: search.filters.geographical.South America

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  • Item type:Publication,
    Gender bias in guidelines and recommendations on rheumatology in Argentina: A bibliometric analysis Open PDF 
    (Elsevier BV, 2026-05)
    Navarro, Belén
    ;
    Sequeira, Gabriel
    ;
    Kerzberg, Eduardo
    Abstract Introduction Women constitute the majority in Argentine rheumatology research, but their participation in rheumatology guidelines and recommendations (RGRs) has not been evaluated. Objective To analyze women's representation in RGRs published between 2010 and 2024 that included at least one Argentine rheumatologist. Methods Cross-sectional bibliometric study of rheumatology guidelines and recommendations published between January 1, 2010, and December 31, 2024, including at least one rheumatologist affiliated with an Argentine center. Publications were identified through searches in PubMed, the Revista Argentina de Reumatología, and Google Scholar using predefined affiliation-based keywords. The main study variables were author gender, first and corresponding authorship, guideline classification national (NAC) or international (INT), and declared conflicts of interest with the pharmaceutical industry. Descriptive analyses were performed, and group comparisons were conducted using the Mann–Whitney U test and chi-square test. Results Eighty-seven RGRs were analyzed (79% INT), with a median publication year of 2021. Of 526 authors, 274 (52%) were women. In NAC RGRs, 57% of authors were women versus 43% in INT (p = 0.003). Among 25 first authors based in Argentina, 11 (44%) were women; among 12 corresponding authors, 5 (42%) were women. COIs were reported in 24 RGRs, totaling 59 declarations, 37 (63%) from men. Conclusions Although women are the majority among Argentine rheumatology researchers, their representation decreases in international publications and leadership roles. Conflicts of interest show a gender bias favoring men. Resumen Introducción Las mujeres son mayoría en la investigación reumatológica argentina, pero no se ha evaluado su participación en las guías y recomendaciones en reumatología (GRR). Objetivo Analizar la representación femenina en las GRR publicadas entre 2010 y 2024 que incluyeran al menos un/a reumatólogo/a con afiliación en Argentina (ARG). Métodos Estudio bibliométrico transversal de GRR en reumatología publicadas entre el 1 de enero de 2010 y el 31 de diciembre de 2024 que incluyeron al menos un/a reumatólogo/a ARG. Las publicaciones fueron identificadas mediante búsqueda en PubMed, Revista Argentina de Reumatología y Google Scholar utilizando combinaciones predefinidas en el campo de afiliación. Se registraron el género de los autores, la autoría principal y de correspondencia, la clasificación de la guía como nacional (NAC) o internacional (INT), y los conflictos de interés (COI) declarados. Se realizaron análisis descriptivos y comparativos (Mann–Whitney U y chi-cuadrado). Resultados Se analizaron 87 GRR (79% INT), con mediana de publicación en 2021. De 526 autores, 274 (52%) fueron mujeres. En las GRR NAC, el 57% de los autores fueron mujeres vs 43% en las INT (p = 0,003). Entre los primeros autores ARG, el 44% fueron mujeres; entre los autores de correspondencia, el 42%. Se declararon COI en 24 GRR (59 declaraciones), 63% correspondientes a hombres. Conclusiones La participación femenina es mayoritaria en las GRR NAC, menor en las INT y en los roles de liderazgo. Los COI muestran un sesgo de género favorable a los hombres.
  • Item type:Publication,
    Gender shapes the relationship between productivity and journal prestige in science Open PDF 
    (Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2026-03-27)
    Ribeiro, Vítor H.
    ;
    Sunahara, Andre S.
    ;
    Shahtahmassebi, Golnaz
    ;
    Perc, Matjaž
    ;
    Ribeiro, Haroldo V.
    Gender disparities in academia manifest and persist in various aspects of the scientific enterprise, yet their influence on the interplay between research productivity and journal prestige remains underexplored. Here we analyze the academic trajectories of over 6000 elite Brazilian researchers by jointly tracking their annual productivity and the average prestige of the journals in which they publish. By projecting individual career years onto a standardized productivity-prestige plane and applying Bayesian hierarchical modeling, we find that male researchers are more likely to follow productivity-oriented trajectories and are markedly overrepresented in the hyperprolific region of this plane. Female peers, in contrast, more often occupy regions that prioritize journal prestige over publication quantity. Although male researchers publish more throughout their careers, their female counterparts achieve comparable or higher average journal prestige, particularly in later career stages and among outlier individuals. Male researchers also exhibit greater temporal persistence in their productivity and impact levels and are especially averse to simultaneously changing both metrics compared to their female peers. Among non-outliers, productivity and career age have a negative overall impact on the average journal prestige of researchers of both genders, with slightly stronger effects observed among female researchers; however, these patterns vary across disciplines, highlighting the complexity and heterogeneity of academic careers.
  • Item type:Publication,
    Gender equity in scientific production in Peru and Colombia: reality or utopia in public universities? Open PDF 
    (F1000 Research Ltd, 2025-10-17)
    Colina Ysea, Félix José
    ;
    Pantigoso Leython, Nathalí
    ;
    Abad Lezama, Irene Roxana
    ;
    Jara Llanos, Gleny Secibel
    ;
    Chávez Campo, Soledad Mirella
    Background Within the context of research, gender equity in public universities entails significant challenges that must be addressed, leading to the restructuring of processes related to philosophy, paradigm, and management policies. This restructuring enables the conceptualization of an educational paradigm in which both men and women can cultivate their potential in an equitable manner, thereby generating scientific, technological, social, and humanistic knowledge within the scientific realm. Methods The objective of this research was to analyze the challenges and opportunities associated with achieving gender equity in the scientific production of national universities in Peru and Colombia. A mixed-methods approach was employed to gain a global understanding of the phenomenon under study, allowing for the analysis of both quantitative and qualitative data depending on the research focus. The population and sample were defined by the national universities of Peru and Colombia, analyzing scientific production in both countries and establishing trends between male and female contributors. The technique used for quantitative data was documentary analysis of scientific production, utilizing the Scopus database for analysis. Qualitative data were collected through interviews with research managers. Instruments included a summary sheet and an interview protocol. Results The results indicate a pronounced tendency toward higher scientific production among men across various fields of knowledge. This phenomenon exacerbates the existing gender parity gap and effectively relegates women to a secondary role within the academic landscape. Conclusions It is concluded that national universities in Peru and Colombia must undergo restructuring processes in their organizational functions, with gender equity as a central component, in order to contribute to the co-construction of a fair and balanced society.
  • Item type:Publication,
    Declining female representation with advancing academic rank in veterinary institutions from non-Western countries Open PDF 
    (Elsevier BV, 2026-02)
    Norton, Ursula
    ;
    Dunlop, Rebecca
    ;
    Allavena, Rachel
    ;
    Talloni, María José Navarrete
    ;
    Palmieri, Chiara
    Gender equity in academic veterinary science remains underexplored outside of Western countries. This study aimed to evaluate gender representation across academic ranks within veterinary institutions in Asia, Sub-Saharan Africa, Latin America, and the Middle East and North Africa. Data on academic staff were collected from 96 veterinary schools across 39 countries between September 2023 and April 2024. Gender was inferred through institutional websites, online academic platforms, and machine-learning tools, and academic ranks were standardised into four categories: Lecturer, Assistant Professor, Associate Professor, and Professor. Generalised linear models were used to assess the relationship between gender and academic rank in each region. Across all regions, male academics were more represented at higher academic ranks. Female representation declined significantly with increasing rank in all regions (p < 0.0001). The percentage of female academics ranged widely, from 7 % (Nepal) to 68 % (Myanmar and Peru). Asia had the lowest overall female representation (29 %), followed by the Middle East (40 %), Latin America (43 %), and Sub-Saharan Africa (44 %). The decline in female representation across ranks was steepest in Asia and the Middle East, while Sub-Saharan Africa exhibited a slower decline and was the only region where female representation increased at the Professor level compared to Associate Professor. Despite regional variation, veterinary academia in non-Western countries remains male-dominated, particularly at senior levels. However, the observed patterns in Africa and Latin America may reflect emerging progress in gender equity. Addressing structural and cultural barriers to academic advancement is essential to support the career progression of women in veterinary science globally.
  • Item type:Publication,
    Feminization of the precarious at the UNAM: Examining obstacles to gender equality Open PDF 
    (Public Library of Science (PLoS), 2025-10-29)
    Ciccia, Lu
    ;
    Espinosa-Lugo, Geraldine
    ;
    Garcia-Guzman, Graciela
    ;
    Gasca-Pineda, Jaime
    ;
    Velez, Patricia
    The STEM workforce is marked by the persistent underrepresentation of women. Herein, we seek a better understanding of this gender gap in different science disciplines within Latin America. Specifically, we analyzed a case study: the professional development of women in science research institutes of the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM). This interdisciplinary work analyzed quantitative and qualitative data through an intersectional philosophical lens, employing specific analytical tools drawn from feminist epistemology. We examined the interplay between horizontal and vertical segregation, symbolic and structural obstacles, and economic labor precariousness within the framework of gender norms. Shared trends in the Global North were analyzed to understand the perpetuation of gender stereotypes in the production of scientific knowledge. Additionally, we examined the relationship between the values embedded in gender norms and the cultural capital--here defined as encompassing both economic status and social legitimacy--associated with each discipline. Our findings indicate that, although women are underrepresented in pSTEM, they experience less vertical segregation than their counterparts in STEM related to the Natural Sciences. This suggests that knowledge areas currently associated with the highest cultural capital (pSTEM) may impose primarily symbolic rather than structural barriers for women. By contrast, in fields characterized by less masculine-coded values, women appear to face predominantly structural obstacles, as evidenced by the vertical segregation observed. These results contribute to a deeper understanding of the gender biases that exclude women from STEM disciplines.
  • Item type:Publication,
    Women's studies in the Latin American context: a bibliometric approach Open PDF 
    (F1000 Research Ltd, 2025-05-16)
    Valencia, Jackeline
    ;
    Gallegos, Ada
    ;
    Ramón Ruffner, Jeri Gloria
    ;
    Martínez-Rojas, Ezequiel
    ;
    Valencia-Arias, Alejandro
    Background Women’s studies in Latin America are transcendental because they make visible and challenge gender inequalities to achieve a more just and equitable society. However, despite this, there are still many research gaps, for which the objective is to examine the trends in research on women’s studies in Latin America. Methods An exploratory methodology based on bibliometric analysis is proposed to evaluate the scientific literature, based on the parameters of the PRISMA-2020 declaration. Results The bibliometric analysis reveals a growth in women’s studies in Latin America, reflecting its importance and relevance. Scientific production has experienced exponential growth, with leading researchers and journals. The United States and Canada lead scientific production. A change is observed in the topics addressed, focusing more on gender and equality. The thematic clusters identified highlight priority areas such as politics, institutions and representation. Conclusions Emerging keywords include neoliberalism, gender violence, political participation, female empowerment, and femicide, reflecting new concerns and challenges addressed in gender studies in Latin America.
  • Item type:Publication,
    Meeting the challenge of gender inequality through gender transformative research: lessons from research in Africa, Asia, and Latin America Open PDF 
    (Routledge, 2023)
    Njuki, J.
    ;
    Melesse, M.
    ;
    Sinha, C.
    ;
    Seward, R.
    ;
    Renaud, M.
    While the global development agenda has prioritized gender equality, many challenges remain, and the COVID-19 crisis has exacerbated inequalities. Gender transformative approaches to social change have the potential to address the underlying causes of inequality. This paper draws insights from studies funded by Canada's International Development Research Centre to understand how integrating gender transformative approaches to research can support social change. The findings suggest that gender transformative research is most successful in supporting change when it analyzes and addresses the multiple causes of inequality, takes an intersectional and structural approach, embeds the research in local contexts, and engages power holders and perpetrators of inequality. © 2022 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
  • Item type:Publication,
    Gender Gap in the Authorship of Scientific Publications: An Analysis Based on Revista Chilena de Fonoaudiología
    (2024)
    Toledo-Rodríguez, L.
    ;
    Torres-Morales, F.
    ;
    Escobar, C.Á.
    ;
    Jara, C.
    ;
    Jiménez-Moya, G.
    Gender inequality is present in various social contexts, including academia and scientific practices, as reflected in the authorship of publications. The aim of this study is to determine whether differences exist between men and women regarding first authorship, the thematic areas investigated, and the effect of the first author's gender on team composition in articles published in Revista Chilena de Fonoaudiología between 1999 and 2020. An analytical and retrospective study was conducted using univariate Generalized Linear Models (GLM) with a log link, Poisson family, and robust estimation. The results showed that 53.4% of the articles had a woman as the first author, which dropped to 43.8% between 2016 and 2020. Men predominated in areas such as swallowing and voice, while women were more prominent in child communication and language (61.9%). Additionally, the probability of women being co-authors decreases when men are the first authors. These results indicate that, despite the relevant role of female scientists, the gender gap in publications persists. © 2024, Universidad de Chile, Departamento de Fonoaudiologia. All rights reserved.
  • Item type:Publication,
    The contribution of women in engineering during the COVID-19 pandemic through indexed scientific publications
    (2023)
    Reinoso, O.A.R.
    ;
    Ordóñez-Avila, J.L.
    ;
    Romero, A.G.G.
    ;
    Durón, R.M.
    Engineering played a fundamental role during the pandemic, helping to develop new technology to diagnose and trace cases, as well as to improve digital health in many aspects. This work aims to make visible the contributions of Honduran women in engineering by analyzing scientific publications in journals indexed in local or international databases. A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out with a bibliometric approach to characterize the scientific production on COVID-19 in Honduras in relation to engineering. The results showed a greater predominance of women in publications in non-Scopus journals, suggesting fewer publication opportunities or capacities. The publications found were headed by women in 36.8% of cases, but due to the nature of data, academic degrees were not available, and it is not clear how many were engineers or women studying engineering. It is recommended to encourage women engineers or those who are in the final stages of undergraduate studies or postgraduate courses to seek to publish in indexed journals and alike, to join professional engineering organizations such as IEEE, ACM, ASME among other, in order to increase their scientific networks and leadership. © 2023 Latin American and Caribbean Consortium of Engineering Institutions. All rights reserved.
  • Item type:Publication,
    Philosophical research in Brazil: A structural topic modeling approach with a focus on temporal and gender trends Open PDF 
    (2024)
    Fanton, M.
    ;
    Mota, H.R.
    ;
    de Melo Bomfim Araújo, C.
    ;
    da Silva, M.S.
    ;
    Canuto, R.
    This paper employs structural topic modeling (STM) to describe the academic philosophy landscape in Brazil. Based on a public national database, a corpus consisting of 12,515 abstracts of monographs defended in philosophy graduate programs between 1991 and 2021 was compiled. The final STM model identified 74 meaningful research topics, clustered into 7 thematic categories. This study discusses the prevalence of the most significant topics and categories, their trends across three decades, and their (positive or negative) association with the supervisor's gender. Results show the first empirical evidence that Brazilian philosophical research exhibits a greater focus on philosophers than on specific themes or problems. Moreover, by visualizing the variations in topic prevalence over time, it was possible to track the rise or decline of the major interest categories and topics. Finally, results also show which topics are more influenced or less influenced by gender. © 2024 Metaphilosophy LLC and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.