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  • Item type:Publication,
    Gender-based homophily in research: A large-scale study of man-woman collaboration Open PDF 
    (2021)
    Kwiek, M.
    ;
    Roszka, W.
    We examined the male-female collaboration practices of all internationally visible Polish university professors (N = 25,463) based on their Scopus-indexed publications from 2009-2018 (158,743 journal articles). We merged a national registry of 99,935 scientists (with full administrative and biographical data) with the Scopus publication database, using probabilistic and deterministic record linkage. Our unique biographical, administrative, publication, and citation database ("The Polish Science Observatory") included all professors with at least a doctoral degree employed in 85 research-involved universities. We determined what we term an "individual publication portfolio" for every professor, and we examined the respective impacts of biological age, academic position, academic discipline, average journal prestige, and type of institution on the same-sex collaboration ratio. The gender homophily principle (publishing predominantly with scientists of the same sex) was found to apply to male scientists - but not to females. The majority of male scientists collaborate solely with males; most female scientists, in contrast, do not collaborate with females at all. Across all age groups studied, all-female collaboration is marginal, while all-male collaboration is pervasive. Gender homophily in research-intensive institutions proved stronger for males than for females. Finally, we used a multi-dimensional fractional logit regression model to estimate the impact of gender and other individual-level and institutional-level independent variables on gender homophily in research collaboration. © 2021 EDP Sciences. All rights reserved.
  • Item type:Publication,
    Race and gender inequalities in medicine and biomedical research.
    (Information Science Reference/IGI Global, 2016)
    Harp, Djana
    ;
    Shim, Ruth S.
    ;
    Johnson, Japera
    ;
    Harp, Jamil A.
    ;
    Wilcox, William Clyde
    There is a critical need to develop initiatives aimed at expanding and diversifying the healthcare workforce, beginning with medical education. This chapter addresses racial and gender disparities in academic medicine and biomedical research. Racial and ethnic minorities and women remain underrepresented in medicine, biomedical research, and healthcare leadership. These disparities are national issues and have far-reaching effects which translate into significant educational and healthcare-delivery disparities. Research has shown that health care professionals from underserved backgrounds are more likely than others to work in underserved areas which would address current shortages in health professionals for the medically underserved. The authors describe their theory for the existence and persistence of these disparities. They offer evidence of these disparities while concluding with current initiatives to address these disparities, calling for innovative approaches to training underrepresented minorities and women as physicians and biomedical research scientists. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved)
  • Item type:Publication,
    Gender issues in fundamental physics: A bibliometric analysis Open PDF 
    (2021)
    Strumia, A.
    I analyze bibliometric data about fundamental physics worldwide from 1970 to now, extracting quantitative data about gender issues. I do not find significant gender differences in hiring rates, hiring timing, career gaps and slowdowns, abandonment rates, citation, and self-citation patterns. Furthermore, various bibliometric indicators (number of fractionally counted papers, citations, etc.) exhibit a productivity gap at hiring moments, at career level, and without integrating over careers. The gap persists after accounting for confounding factors and manifests as an increasing fraction of male authors going from average to top authors in terms of bibliometric indices, with a quantitative shape that can be fitted by higher male variability. © 2021 Alessandro Strumia. Published under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license.