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  • Item type:Publication,
    Gender aspect of international academic mobility of Russian scientists
    (2019)
    Malakhov, V.A.
    This paper examines to what extent the participation of Russian researchers in international academic mobility vary by gender. Based on the analysis of bibliometric data of the Web of Science system (2008—2017) we identified more than 3000 Russian researchers participating in the international scientific migration. This includes both researchers permanently working abroad and scientists working outside of Russia temporarily. All scientists were sorted by their science research focus and the country of residence (permanent or temporal). A gender analysis was carried out for the resulting database. The results of the analysis showed that academic world of female scientists is less international than that of their male colleagues. Women are especially underrepresented in STEM disciplines, but even in the social sciences and humanities the share of women among researchers working abroad is less than among scientists who have stayed in Russia. The low level of participation of women in international academic mobility is due to the asymmetric distribution of family obligations at later career stages, as well as the low representation of women researchers in STEM disciplines, and it is Russian STEM-researchers (especially physics and mathematics) who are most in demand on the international labor market. The paper argues that it is necessary to improve support programs for international academic mobility, as well as create mechanisms aimed at encouraging women to pursue academic careers. © 2019 Ivanovo State University Publishing. All rights reserved.
  • Item type:Publication,
    A gender perspective on the global migration of scholars Open PDF 
    (2023)
    Zhao, X.
    ;
    Akbaritabar, A.
    ;
    Kashyap, R.
    ;
    Zagheni, E.
    Although considerable progress toward gender equality in science has been made in recent decades, female researchers continue to face significant barriers in the academic labor market. International mobility has been increasingly recognized as a strategy for scientists to expand their professional networks, and that could help narrow the gender gap in academic careers. Using bibliometric data on over 33 million Scopus publications, we provide a global and dynamic view of gendered patterns of transnational scholarly mobility, as measured by volume, distance, diversity, and distribution, from 1998 to 2017. We find that, while female researchers continued to be underrepresented among internationally mobile researchers and migrate over shorter distances, this gender gap was narrowing at a faster rate than the gender gap in the population of general active researchers. Globally, the origin and destination countries of both female and male mobile researchers became increasingly diversified, which suggests that scholarly migration has become less skewed and more globalized. However, the range of origin and destination countries continued to be narrower for women than for men. While the United States remained the leading academic destination worldwide, the shares of both female and male scholarly inflows to that country declined from around 25% to 20% over the study period, partially due to the growing relevance of China. This study offers a cross-national measurement of gender inequality in global scholarly migration that is essential for promoting gender-equitable science policies and for monitoring the impact of such interventions. Copyright © 2023 the Author(s). Published by PNAS.