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  • Item type:Publication,
    Exploring gender disparities in first authorship in anatomy during last two decades Open PDF 
    (Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2025-02-21)
    Singal, Anjali
    ;
    Goyal, Swati
    Abstract Purpose In scientific literature, authorship serves as a vital form of symbolic capital, with first authorship especially signifying active research involvement. This study examines the presence and magnitude of the gender gap in Anatomy research authorship and tracks its progression over the past twenty years in five esteemed journals. To our knowledge, this is the first study to explore the trend of female first authorship within the subject. Methods PubMed search for all the published articles in five reputed Anatomical journals (2004–2023) was performed to get the bibliographic details of each article. Rentrez package was used to retrieve full name and affiliation. The first authors from the Department of Anatomy, Morphology, Embryology and Histology were included. Gender of the first author was assessed using Namsor API. The proportions of female first authors were presented as percentage stratified year-wise and geographically. A Mann-Kendall trend test statistics was applied to observe the significance of trends. Results One third of publications were by female first authors in Anatomy in last two decades. Continent wise, Africa and North America had the highest and lowest female representation. Participation of female as first authors was relatively consistent across journals (31.6 -34.8%). Though trend for female first authors increased in 2023 (38.8%) as compare to in 2004 (28.9%), however Mann-Kendall trend test statistics indicate no significant increase in yearly trend (p = 0.552) during last twenty years. Conclusions Globally males continue to dominate the prestigious first authorship in Anatomy except in India and Italy. Future research is needed to fully understand the obstacles preventing female representation as first authors in different geographic areas in this discipline.
  • Item type:Publication,
    Gender and Geographic Origin as Determinants of Manuscript Publication Outcomes: JBMR® Bibliometric Analysis from 2017 to 2019 Open PDF 
    (2022)
    Rivadeneira, F.
    ;
    Loder, R.T.
    ;
    McGuire, A.C.
    ;
    Chitwood, J.R.
    ;
    Duffy, K.
    The Journal of Bone and Mineral Research (JBMR®), the flagship journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR), enjoys a premiere position in its field and has a global reach. The journal uses a single-blind peer-review process whereby three editors are typically involved in assessing each submission for publication, in addition to external reviewers. Although emphasizing fairness, rigor, and transparency, this process is not immune to the influence of unconscious biases. The gender and geographic diversity of JBMR® authors, editors, and reviewers has increased over the last three decades, but whether such diversity has affected peer-review outcomes is unknown. We analyzed manuscript acceptance rates based on the gender and geographic origin of authors, reviewers, and Associate Editors. The analysis included 1662 original research articles submitted to JBMR® from September 2017 through December 2019. Gender was assigned using probabilities from an online tool and manually validated through internet searches. Predictor variables of manuscript outcome were determined with multivariate logistic regression analysis. The acceptance rate was highest when the first and last authors were of different genders, and lowest when both authors were men. Reviewer gender did not influence the outcome regardless of the genders of the first and last authors. Associate Editors from all geographical regions tended to select reviewers from their same region. The acceptance rate was highest when the Associate Editor was from Europe. Manuscripts with authors from North America and Australia/New Zealand had greater overall odds of acceptance than those from Europe and Asia. Manuscripts reviewed only by Editorial Board (EB) members had a lower acceptance rate than those refereed by non-EB reviewers or a mix of EB and non-EB reviewers. Overall, the geographical origin of authors, reviewers, and editors, as well as reviewers' EB membership may influence manuscript decisions. Yet, the JBMR® peer-review process remains largely free from gender bias. © 2022 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR). © 2022 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).