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  • Item type:Publication,
    An econometric investigation of the productivity gender gap in Mexican research, and a simulation study of the effects on scientific performance of policy scenarios to promote gender equality
    (United Nations University - Maastricht Economic and Social Research Institute on Innovation and Technology (MERIT), 2016)
    Rivera Leon, Llorena
    ;
    Mairesse, Jacques
    ;
    Cowan, Robin
    This paper provides evidence on the existence and determinants of the publication productivity gender gap in Mexico at the individual level and on its consequences on the Mexican scientific system and productivity at disciplinary and aggregate levels. The paper specifies and performs a panel data econometric analysis based on a sample of Mexican researchers who are members of the National System of Researchers (SNI) of Mexico in the period 2002-2013. It corrects for a selectivity bias: the existence of periods with no (or low quality) publication, and endogeneity bias: the promotion to higher academic ranks. We define and implement counterfactual simulations to both effects, assess the magnitude of macro-impacts of existing gender gaps and illustrate the potential effects of a range of policy scenarios. The results show no significant gender gaps for an average SNI researcher. Moreover, when correcting for the endogeneity and selectivity biases, we find that the average female researcher in public universities is around 8% more productive than her male peers, with most of the observed productivity being explained by gender differentials in the propensity to have periods of no (or low) quality publication. We find that barriers to promotion to higher academic ranks are highest among females in public research centres. Our macro scenarios on promotion practices, selectivity, collaboration and age show that eliminating gender gaps would increase aggregate productivity by an average of 7% for university females and 9% for females in research centres.
  • Item type:Publication,
    Academic Career Advances and Gender Gap Open PDF 
    (SAGE Publications Inc., 2023)
    Rincón, G.B.
    ;
    Domínguez, A.D.
    Is there a gender gap barrier against the career advancement of women researchers in Mexico? To explore possible answers to this question, we review the specialized literature, based on the “sticky floor” and “glass ceiling” conceptual framework, and then offer an empirical approach to test whether such a gap exists as well as some theoretical reasons that could explain it. We analyzed a massive dataset of 41,000 members of the National System of Researchers (SNI) under the National Council of Science and Technology (CONACyT) in Mexico from 1991 to 2017. To test determinants of advancement, we consider gender, areas of knowledge, states in which researchers reside, years in which initial applications and promotions took place, and universities to which researchers belong to. We found that there is a similar chance to advance from the lower levels of the system, following the sticky floor analogy, but women make a little progress after these initial levels when compared to men, in line with the glass ceiling idea. We also offer additional research avenues in this topic, due to another important finding, which reveals that 62% of researchers never make progress at the level in which they initially join. © The Author(s) 2021.