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  • Item type:Publication,
    Women faculty achieve promotion to full professor equivalent to men faculty in a subset of US academic pathology departments Open PDF 
    (Elsevier BV, 2025-07)
    Leonard, Debra G.B.
    ;
    Limson, Melvin
    ;
    Fitzhugh, Valerie A.
    ;
    Barclift, Deniz Peker
    ;
    Ryan, Eileen A.
    Women faculty in academic medicine remain underrepresented at higher faculty ranks despite equal numbers of men and women medical students since 2003. This 2022 study asked if US academic pathology departments had achieved equity across academic rank for women faculty. The survey of 135 member departments of the Association for Academic Pathology requested data regarding chair characteristics, other department leaders' number and gender, and faculty number and gender by academic rank and track. Sixty-four (47%) member departments responded. Twenty-three of the responding departments (36%) had equity of women and men full professors, defined as <5% difference women and men full professors as a percentage of total faculty. Departments with professor gender equity more often had a woman chair (P < 0.01), and a higher percentage of women faculty (P < 0.05), women on the research tenure track (P < 0.01), and tenured women faculty (P < 0.01). Unstructured interviews with a subset of department chairs did not identify significant differences between departments with and without professor gender equity, except that equity was more driven by the intention of the chair (P < 0.01) and less by dean or institutional influence (P < 0.01). Over one third of US academic pathology departments responding to the survey have achieved equity for women and men full professors in current academic medicine institutions. This equity success for women is lost when looking at data by specialty or nationally, rather than by department.
  • Item type:Publication,
    The landscape for women leaders in dental education, research, and practice Open PDF 
    (2015)
    Whelton, Helen
    ;
    Wardman, Margaret J.
    Following early limitations on women becoming educated in and practicing dentistry, the proportion of women enrolled in dental schools around the world has increased dramatically over the past decades. Dental schools have undergone a transformation from male dominance to almost equal numbers in the United States and female predominance in other countries including the United Kingdom. However, this change in student gender distribution has not been matched among academic leaders. Data from across the globe indicate a clear disproportion in favor of males in leadership positions in dentistry-and the more senior the position, the greater the imbalance. This article reviews the evolving changes in gender distribution across the landscape of dental education, research, and practice and some initiatives to address the gender imbalance in leadership. Such initiatives can help to ensure that, in the future, the profession benefits from the spectrum of influences brought to bear by the leadership of both women and men.
  • Item type:Publication,
    Satisfaction of Women Faculty in Academic Medicine Open PDF 
    (2024)
    Chaudron, Linda H.
    ;
    Dandar, Valerie
    ;
    Lautenberger, Diana
    ;
    Bunton, Sarah A.
    ;
    Gordon, Lynn K.
    Purpose: Research about academic medicine women faculty has focused on comparisons of men and women or specific groups who achieved leadership. To better understand the low percentages of women in academic medicine leadership, attention should be paid to the career continuum within genders. Study findings will inform policies and programs to support women in building careers and acquiring leadership positions. Materials and Methods: Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC) StandPoint Faculty Engagement Survey data are used to describe and compare women assistant, associate and full professors' perceptions of (1) career development and advancement opportunities, and (2) a culture and climate that fosters diversity, equity, and inclusion. Specific similarities and differences with men are highlighted. Results: Fifty-nine percent of women respondents were assistant, 25% associate, and 16% full professors. Associate professors of both genders were the least satisfied on the main measures. Women were less satisfied than men at each career stage across the majority of variables. Among women, fewer than half of full and associate professors, and 52% of assistant professors believe they can express their opinions without fear of retribution. While the majority at all ranks (69%-75%) report feeling respected in the workplace, among those who did not, the highest percentage of disrespect based on gender was among associate professors. Conclusions: The perceptions of >7,500 academic medicine women faculty, representing different generations and ranks, underscore the need to broadly address gender inequity and sexism throughout the career continuum. It identifies the mid-career stage as a challenging experience for both men and women. Women, especially at the associate professor rank, remain a critically dissatisfied and underresourced group that is at risk for underutilization and potentially exit from academic medicine. All ranks of women need career development and equitable policies to support their sense of belonging and career advancement.