PUBBLICAZIONE/PUBLICATION

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  • Item type:Publication,
    Declining female representation with advancing academic rank in veterinary institutions from non-Western countries Open PDF 
    (Elsevier BV, 2026-02)
    Norton, Ursula
    ;
    Dunlop, Rebecca
    ;
    Allavena, Rachel
    ;
    Talloni, María José Navarrete
    ;
    Palmieri, Chiara
    Gender equity in academic veterinary science remains underexplored outside of Western countries. This study aimed to evaluate gender representation across academic ranks within veterinary institutions in Asia, Sub-Saharan Africa, Latin America, and the Middle East and North Africa. Data on academic staff were collected from 96 veterinary schools across 39 countries between September 2023 and April 2024. Gender was inferred through institutional websites, online academic platforms, and machine-learning tools, and academic ranks were standardised into four categories: Lecturer, Assistant Professor, Associate Professor, and Professor. Generalised linear models were used to assess the relationship between gender and academic rank in each region. Across all regions, male academics were more represented at higher academic ranks. Female representation declined significantly with increasing rank in all regions (p < 0.0001). The percentage of female academics ranged widely, from 7 % (Nepal) to 68 % (Myanmar and Peru). Asia had the lowest overall female representation (29 %), followed by the Middle East (40 %), Latin America (43 %), and Sub-Saharan Africa (44 %). The decline in female representation across ranks was steepest in Asia and the Middle East, while Sub-Saharan Africa exhibited a slower decline and was the only region where female representation increased at the Professor level compared to Associate Professor. Despite regional variation, veterinary academia in non-Western countries remains male-dominated, particularly at senior levels. However, the observed patterns in Africa and Latin America may reflect emerging progress in gender equity. Addressing structural and cultural barriers to academic advancement is essential to support the career progression of women in veterinary science globally.
  • Item type:Publication,
    Who is publishing journal articles during graduate school? Racial and gender inequalities in biological sciences over time. Open PDF 
    (American Psychological Association (APA), 2022-02)
    Roksa, Josipa
    ;
    Wang, Yapeng
    ;
    Feldon, David
    ;
    Ericson, Matthew
    Despite increased enrolment of women and students from underrepresented racial/ethnic groups in doctoral programs, notable inequalities in academic careers persist. We investigate one potential source of these inequalities: publication rates during graduate school. Results, based on a sample of doctoral students in biological sciences across 53 institutions, indicate that both white women and students from underrepresented racial/ethnic groups (African American and Latinx) have lower publication rates than white men. Notably, these gaps grow over time and are not explained by background factors, socialization experiences, or family obligations. The same patterns persist for first-authored publications for African American and Latinx students, but not white women, suggesting potentially differential mechanisms of exclusion. Implications for research and practice are discussed. © 2021 National Association of Diversity Officers in Higher Education
  • Item type:Publication,
    Gender, coauthorship and impact: publications of Peruvian biology researchers (1994-2017) Open PDF 
    (2021)
    Málaga-Saboga, L.
    ;
    Sagasti, F.
    This study explores the role of gender in the networks of co-authorship publications, the impact of articles written by two or more authors, and the influence of high-impact articles on the academic careers. We analyze Peruvian biology researchers with publications in Web of Science Core Collection and SciELO Citation Index, as well as the curricula of the authors of greatest impact publications. A significant imbalance has been found in the number of male and female researchers as well as a significant disproportion of the number of documents published. The co-authorship network formation is not affected by gender, but women have high betweenness levels less frequently, which probably affects their effect on information flow. Finally having published a high impact research is related to promotion for junior researchers, both men and women. © 2021 CSIC. Este es un artículo de acceso abierto bajo los términos de la licencia de uso y distribución Creative Commons Reconocimiento 4.0 Internacional (CC BY 4.0).
  • Item type:Publication,
    Science in Brazil: Contribution of male and female scientists
    (2007)
    Leta, J.
    ;
    Teixeira, F.M.
    The establishment of science is a very recent event in most of the countries located in the south hemisphere. Training human resources for scientific and technological activities seems to be a means to reduce the scientific and technological gap between the two hemispheres. In this process, human diversity, including gender, may play an important role. This study presents data on the scientific publication output of male and female scientists from Brazil. Our aim is to identify some publishing trends, which may contribute to the debate on consequences that emerge from the imbalance between males and females participation in the scientific community, including administrative positions in academia.
  • Item type:Publication,
    Gender in tourism research: perspectives from Latin America Open PDF 
    (2019)
    Vizcaino-Suárez, L.P.
    ;
    Díaz-Carrión, I.A.
    Purpose: This paper aims to examine the knowledge production on tourism gender research in Latin America and to reflect on the main challenges faced by this subfield. Design/methodology/approach: The study conducts a bibliometric analysis of the journal articles on tourism gender research in the largest scientific databases in Latin America: Redalyc, Scielo and Latindex. The paper examines variables such as year of publication, journal, authors, affiliation, types of articles, research topics, methodologies and geographical location of fieldwork. Findings: The study identified 153 gender aware papers from 70 journals for the period 2001-2015. The leading countries in the subfield are Brazil, Mexico and Argentina. The majority of papers are empirical and have a local scope. The main theoretical approaches derive from sociological and anthropological perspectives with a predominance of qualitative methodologies. There is a need to strengthen the theoretical and epistemological frameworks and increase international collaboration for knowledge exchange among tourism gender scholars. Research limitations/implications: The bibliometric analysis was limited to indexed journals with online access. It focused on academic articles and excluded research notes, book reviews and conference proceedings. Originality/value: As the main working languages of scientific production in Latin America are Spanish and Portuguese, this is the first attempt to make tourism gender research from this region visible for the predominantly Anglophone tourism academy, with the intention of identifying common challenges. © 2018, Emerald Publishing Limited.
  • Item type:Publication,
    The gender scientific production in Brazil: An overview of administration research groups Open PDF 
    (2014)
    Silva Andrade, L.F.
    ;
    Dos Santos Macedo, A.
    ;
    de Lourdes Souza Oliveira, M.
    This article aims to map the activities developed by gender research groups in the administration field and to understand the relationships between them. Gender identity is seen as an important social category for understanding power relations and human interactions in organizations. To understand these relations, the methodological approach includes bibliometric and sociometric studies of the production of gender research group leaders, whose work lines or research impacts and actions presented in description of the group are related to gender, supported by descriptive statistics in order to facilitate data viewing. A total of 32 groups were found, and most of them are recent (half of them having less than 5 years of formalization) that have, altogether, 42 leaders that produced, as authors or co-authors, 88 articles on gender, between January 1995 and January 2014, with a concentration in A2 and B3 scientific journals. The sociometric study reveals a low density network of co-authorship, without a centralizing actor, featuring a small number of co-authoring relationships and a limited number of authors who have publications on gender. This information indicates that the issue is not researched by these authors or the gender works and projects are not meant for scientific production. It also indicates the importance of postgraduate mentoring, to spread the subject in different universities and to create and mantain relations of co-authorship between researchers who were at any given time, mentors and mentees. The relevance of the results is in the initial understanding of the scientific field, from the research groups, which constitute a major element to postgraduate programs and scientific production. As limitations, the partial analysis of the groups, only considering the production of group leaders, and the possibility of lagged data in the Groups Directory may undermine the analysis. An in-depth study of scientific literature analyzed by sociometrics, the historical restoration of the groups constitution, and their relationships with research and extension projects funded by agencies are shown as perspectives of future investigation. © 2014 Mackenzie Presbyterian University. All rights reserved.
  • Item type:Publication,
    Gender differences and patenting in Latin America: understanding female participation in commercial science Open PDF 
    (2020)
    Sifontes, D.
    ;
    Morales, R.
    Although female involvement in science and technology has been growing over recent years, it is still low. Latin America is no exception. Even though the Latin American region has achieved significant accomplishments in terms of gender parity, women’s participation in patenting activities remains small compared to that of men. The aim of this study is to explain the rate of female participation in patenting activity. We gather information from 3081 US patents granted to assignees in Latin America. The countries of our sample are Argentina, Brazil, Costa Rica, Chile, Cuba, Colombia, México, Panamá, Peru, Uruguay, and Venezuela. The study period is from 1976 to 2011. This study reveals that the number of US patent granted with female involvement to the countries in our sample is only 22%. We use a probit model to explain women participation in patenting. Results suggest that external and internal collaboration, the institutional sector of the grantee, and innovations related to the life sciences have an effect on the probability of having female participation in patenting in Latin America. Our findings also show that the fertility rate and the human development of countries impact women participation in patenting in the Latin American region. © 2020, Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest, Hungary.
  • Item type:Publication,
    Institutionalization of the sciences, gender system, and scientific production in Brazil (1939-1969) Open PDF 
    (2008)
    Ferreira, L.O.
    ;
    Azevedo, N.
    ;
    Guedes, M.
    ;
    Cortes, B.
    Thanks to policies put in place in the 1930s, women's experiences in higher education increased their professional participation in the academic and scientific worlds. Largely neglected in Brazilian historiography of the sciences, analysis of this phenomenon introduces a new perspective on the meaning of institutionalization and professionalization of scientific activities, a process in which women have played an authentic role. We explore their presence by analyzing the scientific production published in four journals between 1939 and 1969. Gender differences are detected according to the standard of the publication.
  • Item type:Publication,
    Scientific production of women in Brazil Open PDF 
    (2020)
    de Oliveira Santiago, M.
    ;
    Affonso, F.
    ;
    Dias, T.M.R.
    Researchers concentrate their efforts to understand the different female relations with science, using approaches that review their scientific and technological participation, as well as, seeking to understand their academic trajectory and performance. In this context, this study aimed to analyze the participation of women using as database the set of PhD graduates who have their curricula entered in the Lattes Platform. The data were collected and selected obtaining a set of 125,515 curricula of women who had completed their PhD. The PhD data were grouped according to the large areas of expertise (fields of science) and academic training, in which it was possible to analyze the academic evolution and the scientific and technological production of the group in a temporal manner. The different types of studies that help to understand the general aspect of women active mainly in science, besides being relevant, exhibit the characteristics of their research. This may be useful for the generation of national scientific indicators, for the management of information in the scientific area and for technological development. It is also useful to encourage and valuate participation of women in science. © 2020 Pontificia Universidade Catolica de Campinas. All rights reserved.
  • Item type:Publication,
    Bibliometric analysis of gender authorship trends and collaboration dynamics over 30 years of spine 1985 to 2015 Open PDF 
    (2018)
    Brinker, A.R.
    ;
    Liao, J.L.
    ;
    Kraus, K.R.
    ;
    Young, J.
    ;
    Sandelski, M.
    Study Design. A bibliometric analysis. Objective. The aim of this article was to study bibliometric changes over the last 30 years of Spine. These trends are important regarding academic publication productivity. Summary of Background Data. Inflation in authorship number and other bibliometric variables has been described in the scientific literature. The issue of author gender is taking on increasing importance, as efforts are being made to close the gender gap. Methods. From 1985 to 2015, 10-year incremental data for several bibliometric variables were collected, including author gender. Standard bivariate statistical analyses were performed. Trends over time were assessed by the Cochran linear trend. A P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results. Inclusion criteria were met for 1566 manuscripts. The majority of the manuscripts were from North America (51.2%), Europe (25.2%), and Asia (20.8%). The number of manuscripts, authors, countries, pages, and references all increased from 1985 to 2015. There was a slight increase in female first authors over time (17.5% to 18.4%, P=0.048). There was no gender change over time for corresponding authors (14.3% to 14.0%, P=0.29). There was an 88% increase in the percentage of female first authors having male corresponding authors (P=0.00004), and a 123% increase in male first authors having female corresponding authors (P=0.0002). The 14% to 18% of female authors in Spine is higher than the ∼5% female membership of the Scoliosis Research Society and North American Spine Society. Conclusion. Manuscripts in Spine over the past 30 years have shown a significant increase in the number of authors, collaborating institutions and countries, printed pages, references, and number of times each manuscript was cited. There has been a mild increase in female first authorship, but none in corresponding authorship. Increases in female authorship will likely require recruitment of more females into the discipline rather than providing females in the discipline with authorship opportunities. Level of Evidence: N/A . Copyright © 2018 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.