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  • Item type:Publication,
    Women Underrepresentation in R&I: A Sector Program Assessment of the Contribution of Gender Equality Policies in Research and Innovation. Open PDF 
    (2020)
    Striebing, Clemens
    ;
    Kalpazidou Schmidt, Evanthia
    ;
    Palmén, Rachel
    ;
    Holzinger, Florian
    ;
    Nagy, Beata
    Despite decades of efforts to achieve gender equality in research and innovation (R&I), all EU member states still face remarkable difficulties in driving forward the development of their innovation system while at the same time improving gender equality by using all the available research potential. In this paper we focus on the development of the share of women researchers in four national innovation systems, i.e. in Austria, Denmark, Hungary and Spain in the time period 2005-2015. The four selected cases represent countries with significant differences in their innovation capacity, gender regimes and progress of gender equality in R&I. A qualitative comparative analysis (QCA) is carried out to conduct a sector program evaluation based on statistical data and qualitative studies to understand the dynamic development of the proportion of women researchers. The study aims to provide insights into the aggregated gender equality interventions and policies implemented in the four countries studied and their contributions to the development of the proportion of women scientists at the structural level. The analysis reveals that the development of the share of women researchers during the studied period has been particularly influenced by contextual factors, namely the relative size of the business enterprise sector and the share of women among holders of tertiary education. While this is the case, it is found that gender equality interventions need to be more widespread and more effectively designed to be a strong contributing factor to an increasing representation of women in R&I.
  • Item type:Publication,
    Evaluation framework for promoting gender equality in research and innovation: How to define suitable indicators to evaluate gender equality effects in R&I systems?
    (2019)
    Bührer, S.
    ;
    Schmidt, E.K.
    ;
    Reidl, S.
    ;
    Palmen, R.
    ;
    Groo, D.
    Since the topic of "women in research and innovation" has been on the agenda for decades and numerous measures have been implemented at both national and international level to improve the equality of women in the research and innovation systems, it is still unclear under which conditions which measures are most effective. Even less research has been carried out into the effects of better representation of women in terms of (responsible) research and innovation results. Within this paper, an evaluation approach shall be presented, which starts exactly here and uses case studies to show how the concrete implementation of the evaluation model in practice takes place. Furthermore, the results of on the case studies are presented that show how national gender equality measures addressing Higher Education Institutions as well as Research Performing Organisations do not only achieve a better representation of women within these organisations but do also contribute to scientific excellence. © 2019 17th International Conference on Scientometrics and Informetrics, ISSI 2019 - Proceedings. All rights reserved.