PUBBLICAZIONE/PUBLICATION

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Discipline: search.filters.discipline.HumanitiesSubject: search.filters.subject.Gender Gap

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  • Item type:Publication,
    Identifying gender disparities in research performance: the importance of comparing apples with apples Open PDF 
    (2022)
    Nygaard, L.P.
    ;
    Aksnes, D.W.
    ;
    Piro, F.N.
    Many studies on research productivity and performance suggest that men consistently outperform women. However, women and men are spread unevenly throughout the academy both horizontally (e.g., by scientific field) and vertically (e.g., by academic position), suggesting that aggregate numbers (comparing all men with all women) may reflect the different publication practices in different corners of the academy rather than gender per se. We use Norwegian bibliometric data to examine how the “what” (which publication practices are measured) and the “who” (how the population sample is disaggregated) matter in assessing apparent gender differences among academics in Norway. We investigate four clusters of indicators related to publication volume, publication type, authorship, and impact or quality (12 indicators in total) and explore how disaggregating the population by scientific field, institutional affiliation, academic position, and age changes the gender gaps that appear at the aggregate level. For most (but not all) indicators, we find that gender differences disappear or are strongly reduced after disaggregation. This suggests a composition effect, whereby apparent gender differences in productivity can to a considerable degree be ascribed to the composition of the group examined and the different publication practices common to specific groups. We argue that aggregate figures can exaggerate some gender disparities while obscuring others. Our study illustrates the situated nature of research productivity and the importance of comparing men and women within similar academic positions or scientific fields—of comparing apples with apples—when using bibliometric indicators to identify gender disparities in research productivity. © 2022, The Author(s).
  • Item type:Publication,
    Women in audiovisual translation in Spain: A walk through academia and the industry Open PDF 
    (2024)
    Tejera, C.B.
    More than 70% of ATRAE’s (Asociación de Traducción y Adaptación Audiovisual de España) members are women. DAMA (Derechos de Autor de Medios Audiovisuales) seems to have similar figures (Mariani, 2021). Furthermore, according to Pérez Escudero’s (2021, p. 423–424) doctoral study within the BITRA database (Franco Aixelá, 2001–2024), Pilar Orero was the most prolific author in audiovisual translation research (AVT) in the world, and of the 20 authors with the most publications in this field, 12 were women. Despite these figures, which in themselves show a clear leading role for women in this specialized field of translation, the number of prizes awarded to their translations, or even the presence of women as plenary speakers at conferences in this field, does not always correspond to these figures. In fact, when it comes to citations, of those 20 most productive authors in AVT, there are only 8 women among the 20 most cited authors. In view of this situation, recent publications have emerged, such as those of Botella Tejera and Agulló García (2021, 2022a), which give voice to women, academics and professionals, who, based on the different modalities of AVT, depict the situation of women in academia and the professional world, and give us some clues about the future to come. This article gathers bibliometric and statistical data that try to help us understand the evolution of women researchers and professionals in AVT in Spain, as well as to discover which authors are the most influential and the most promising ones. In addition, various hypotheses will be studied, and answers will be sought about the situation and future prospects of women in AVT. © (2024), (Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina). All rights reserved.
  • Item type:Publication,
    European Research Council: Excellence and leadership over time from a gender perspective Open PDF 
    (2019)
    Bautista-Puig, N.
    ;
    García-Zorita, C.
    ;
    Mauleón, E.
    European Research Council Grants (ERC) have become the most important vehicle for funding scientific research in the EU. Since their creation in 2007, they have provided funding for around 7,000 of the nearly 70,000 proposals for research projects submitted. With a success rate of about 11%, these Grants are highly competitive. Despite major advancement of women's participation in research activity, women overall remain the minority in Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM disciplines). Against that backdrop, this article analyses men's and women's presence in ERC Grants. The gender balance in the ERC Grant, have been examined in three dimensions: Excellence Awarded; Scientific Leadership Position; and Time Series Evolution. The results show that female presence is lower than men as submitted (26% vs 74%), granted (22% vs 78%), expert panel members (28% vs 72%), and as a panel chair (26% vs 74%). State-space prediction of the future pattern of these grants shows that time has no clearly beneficial effect on women's participation as applicants, granted, expert panel members or panel chairs, particularly in the area of Physics and Engineering. © 2019 The Author(s).