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  • Item type:Publication,
    Declining racial and ethnic representation in clinical academic medicine: A longitudinal study of 16 US medical specialties Open PDF 
    (2018)
    Lett, Elle
    ;
    Orji, Whitney U.
    ;
    Sebro, Ronnie
    OBJECTIVE: To evaluate trends in racial, ethnic, and sex representation at US medical schools across 16 specialties: internal medicine, pediatrics, surgery, psychiatry, radiology, anesthesiology, obstetrics and gynecology, neurology, family practice, pathology, emergency medicine, orthopedic surgery, ophthalmology, otolaryngology, physical medicine and rehabilitation, and dermatology. Using a novel, Census-derived statistical measure of diversity, the S-score, we quantified the degree of underrepresentation for racial minority groups and female faculty by rank for assistant, associate, and full professors from 1990-2016. METHODS: This longitudinal study of faculty diversity uses data obtained from the American Association of Medical Colleges (AAMC) Faculty Roster from US allopathic medical schools. The proportion of professors of racial minority groups and female faculty by rank was compared to the US population based on data from the US Census Bureau. The Roster includes data on 52,939 clinical medical faculty in 1990, and 129,545 in 2016, at the assistant professor level or higher. The primary measure used in this study was the S-score, a measure of representation based on the probability of the observed frequency of faculty from a racial/ethnic group and sex, given the racial and ethnic distribution of the US. Pearson correlations and 95% confidence intervals for S-score with time were used to measure trends. RESULTS: Blacks and Hispanics showed statistically significant trends (p<0.05) towards increasing underrepresentation in most specialties and are more underrepresented in 2016 than in 1990 across all ranks and specialties analyzed, except for Black females in obstetrics & gynecology. White females were also underrepresented in many specialties and in a subset of specialties trended toward greater underrepresentation. CONCLUSIONS: Current efforts to improve faculty diversity are inadequate in generating an academic physician workforce that represents the diversity of the US. More aggressive measures for faculty recruitment, retention, and promotion are necessary to reach equity in academia and healthcare.
  • Item type:Publication,
    Gender disparity in medicine and where are we now in emergency medicine? Open PDF 
    (2022)
    Atiş, Şeref Emre
    ;
    Bozan, Öner
    ;
    Bildik, Büşra
    ;
    Çekmen, Bora
    ;
    Mistik, Yusuf
    Background Studies show that although the presence of women in the medical field has risen, there is a lesser representation of women within editorial boards of journals. Studies on this subject have mostly been carried out related to the medical field of the researcher. It is not known what position the emergency medicine department is in this regard compared to other departments. We aimed to investigate whether gender disparity exists within the editors and editorial board members of medical journals, especially in those related to emergency medicine. Methods In the present cross-sectional study, we searched medical journals using the Scimago Journal/Country Rank journal system for comparison. The websites of the journals included in the study were searched, and gender data of the editor and editorial board, associate editors, consultant editors, and section editors for each journal were obtained. Results The total number of journals examined in this study was 276. The median percentage of female editorial board members (20.8%; 50–100) was lower in emergency medicine journals compared to other branches of medicine (31%; 0–100) (p < .001). The median percentage of female editorial board members and editors was also lower in the emergency medicine field (20.6%; 0–50) (p < .001) than in other branches of medicine. The percentage of female editorial board members of emergency medicine journals was 19.5% with the third-lowest ranking among 26 branches. When both the editors and editorial board members were considered, the highest female percentage was found in pediatrics (50.7%) followed by geriatric medicine (43.4%). Conclusion There is a significant gender disparity within editors and editorial board members in emergency medicine journals. The proportion of women within the editorial board was found to be lower in emergency medicine journals among all the journals included in the study.