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  • Item type:Publication,
    The scholarly transition of female academics at the University of Granada (1975-1990) Open PDF 
    (2005)
    Muñoz-Muñoz, A.M.
    An attempt is made to shed light on part of Granada University's female academics' past in what was a critical period in Spain's history (1975-1982), referring of course to the political transition from dictatorship to democracy. The period studied is 1975-1990, in which an analysis is made of a section of the teaching staff, using part of the female staff as the sample due to their being the most socially affected during this period. Firstly, a study is carried out on the teaching staff, both male and female, to verify the staff situation at the university using the gender indicator. Secondly, the female teachers' scholarly output is studied; due to the fact that areas of study are very varied, it has been considered appropriate to apply the study to monographs, scholarly publications articles and doctoral theses. Moreover, because the study intends to be as exhaustive as possible, various databases and catalogues have been consulted which collect the documental typology to be used in the analysis. Copyright © 2005 Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest All rights reserved.
  • Item type:Publication,
    Scientific output by gender in Spain (Web of Science, 2004)
    (2007)
    Moya-Anegón, F.
    ;
    Chinchilla-Rodríguez, Z.
    ;
    Vargas-Quesada, B.
    ;
    Corera-Álvarez, E.
    ;
    Muñoz-Molina, A.
    The objective of this study was to obtain bibliometric indicators by gender applied exclusively to scientific publications registered in the Thompson Scientific databases. Aspects related with the volume of production, visibility, patterns of collaboration and networks of coauthorship will be analyzed below. The data are presented broken down by scientific field.
  • Item type:Publication,
    Exploring gender differences in patenting in Spain Open PDF 
    (2014)
    Mauleón, E.
    ;
    Daraio, C.
    ;
    Bordons, M.
    The under-representation of women in science and technology is a matter of current great concern. Obtaining patent-based indicators by gender is crucial to analyse the situation of women in innovation, identify potential cases of gender inequalities, and support policy measures to promote gender balance. In this article we analyse men and women involvement in Spanish patents applied to the European Patent Office during 1990-2004. At least one female inventor is present in 18% of the patents; female contribution amounts to 9% of the total and 14% of inventors are women. Female involvement is above average in the academic public sector and in specific thematic areas, while the share of women in industry is very low. Female inventors show a stronger trend to collaborate than their male counterparts, as measured through their lower percentage of single-inventor patents and their higher co-inventorship index. Over the 15-year period under analysis, women's involvement in patenting activity shows an upward trend, especially at universities and in cross-gender teams and the specialization profile of women tends to expand. Main difficulties in the development of patent-based indicators by gender are pointed out and the relevance of indicators to monitor the situation of women in innovation activity is highlighted. © 2013 The Author.
  • Item type:Publication,
    Productivity, impact and publication habits by gender in the area of materials science Open PDF 
    (2006)
    Mauleón, E.
    ;
    Bordons, M.
    A comparative analysis of the scientific performance of male and female scientists in the area of Materials Science at the Spanish Council for Scientific Research (CSIC) is presented. Publications of 333 scientists during 1996-2000 are downloaded from the international database Science Citation Index and the national one ICYT. Scientific performance of scientists is studied through different indicators of productivity (number of SCI and ICYT publications), international visibility (average impact factor of publications, percentage of documents in "top journals") and publication practices (%international publications, signing order of authors in the documents and different collaboration measures). Inter-gender differences in the research performance of scientists are studied. Influence of professional category and age are analysed. Although women are less productive than men, no significant differences in productivity are found within each professional category. However, a different life-cycle of productivity is found for men and woman and the most important inter-gender differences in productivity occur at the ages of 40-59.
  • Item type:Publication,
    Male and female involvement in patenting activity in Spain Open PDF 
    (2010)
    Mauleón, E.
    ;
    Bordons, M.
    The involvement of male and female scientists in the technological activity developed in Spain is analysed through the study of patent applications filed with the Spanish OEPM database during the period 1990-2005. Comparative analyses based on participation, contribution and inventors by gender are presented and discussed. The study reveals a low female involvement in technology, which tends to concentrate in specific institutional sectors (public research institutions) and technological sections (A/Human Necessities and C/Chemistry). Over the 16-year period analysed the involvement of female scientists rose at a higher rate than that of men in most of the institutional sectors and technological fields. The highest relative increase corresponds to University and Spanish National Research Council, and our data suggest that it is enhanced by collaboration. To make the production of sex-disaggregated technology indicators easier the inclusion of the sex of the inventors as an additional field in patent databases would be desirable, as well as a higher normalisation of inventor names, applicant names (full names) and institutional affiliations. © 2009 Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest, Hungary.
  • Item type:Publication,
    A new approach to funding acknowledgment field in the Spanish case: Can be used to identify gender gap in research funding?
    (International Society for Scientometrics and Informetrics, 2019)
    Mauleón, E.
    ;
    Bautista-Puig, N.
    Funding Acknowledgments (FA) in research publications is a way to express gratitude to the different entities who funded or contributed somehow to the research. However, there are few studies that address the issue of gender gap funding by using the field ‘Funding Acknowledgments’ (FA) on the Web of Science (WoS). The objectives of this study are three-fold: • Quantify the presence of men and women in scientific publications as a result of funded and non-funded research. • Describe funding patterns in the area of ‘Green & Sustainable Science & Technology’ by gender. • Analyse funding effect in scientific publications by men and women through collaboration, impact and visibility
  • Item type:Publication,
    Challenges in developing gender-sensitive indicators for Finnish researcher training Open PDF 
    (2005)
    Kurki, H.
    Numerous initiatives have been taken recently aimed at improving the availability and quality of human resources for European R&D. More adequately skilled researchers will be needed in Europe in order to attain the Lisbon goal to increase the investment in research by 2010. The position of women researchers has also been a cause for growing concern in ongoing efforts to safeguard the diversity and reproduction of European knowledge and know-how. Since 1990s, Finland has made systematic investments in researcher training to improve its quality and efficiency. This paper presents one method to identify the gender profile of Finnish researcher training. Combining different methods provides at least a tentative answer to the question as to whether there are any inherent, structural biases in the science community, in science policy or research funding that may prevent or hinder women's entering into and advancing in research careers. © Beech Tree Publishing 2005.
  • Item type:Publication,
    Participation of women in doctorate, research, innovation, and management activities at Universidad Politécnica de Madrid: analysis of the decade 2006–2016 Open PDF 
    (2019)
    Hernández-Martín, E.
    ;
    Calle, F.
    ;
    Dueñas, J.C.
    ;
    Holgado, M.
    ;
    Gómez-Pérez, A.
    This article studies the participation of women in doctorate, lecturing and research, innovation, and management activities at Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), the most important and largest university in Spain devoted to engineering and architecture. The analyses revealed significant differences in the ratio of male (76%) and female (24%) lecturing and research staff. This unequal ratio conducted to women underrepresentation in other actions such as coordination of international projects, decision-making designations, patenting and software licensing, collaboration with companies, and PhD supervision. PhD enrolment and PhD defence data, disaggregated by gender and by technological area, were also analysed as they are the starting point of the academic career, and showed a widespread male prevalence over women (ca. 70% men vs. 30% women). The aim of this paper is to present actual, accurate, objective, and gender-segregated information extracted from UPM databases, to carry out a qualitative study drawing on an opinion survey and a “gap” analysis, and to undertake a critical examination of the historic, political, sociocultural and personal factors affecting gender inequalities in academia. Policy recommendations to improve the situation of women and to achieve gender balance in the disciplines of engineering and architecture are also provided. © 2019, Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest, Hungary.
  • Item type:Publication,
    Spanish scientific production in literature through a gender perspective in the web of science (1975-2017) Open PDF 
    (2019)
    Haba-Osca, J.
    ;
    Osca-Lluch, J.
    ;
    González-Sala, F.
    A comparative study disaggregated by sex about the scientific production in the literature of researchers working in Spanish institutions, has identified 806 authors who have published some literature work in journals indexed in the WoS until 2017, and analyzed comparatively their productivity and collaboration patterns considering the sex variable. It was found that 55.51% of the authors identified were men, compared to 44.49% of women. The results show that men predominate among the major producers in the field of literature. While among moderate producers (2 to 5) works, 50.36% of the authors identified were men, compared to 49.64% of women. Although works realized individually predominate, as it happens in other scientific disciplines, it is observed that there is an increase of works written in collaboration. I was also observed that collaborative works done between 3 or 4 authors are made up by groups formed by men and women. As conclusion it could be indicated that in the Spanish literature gender equality does not yet exist, especially when considering the elite of the research. It is fundamental to deepen and continue carrying out studies that evaluate the evolution and trends in a disaggregated way by sex, to undertake the corrective measures necessary to achieve gender equality. © 2019, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico. All rights reserved.
  • Item type:Publication,
    Visibility and responsibility of women in research papers through the order of signatures: The case of the University of Extremadura, 1990-2005 Open PDF 
    (2009)
    Guerrero-Bote, V.P.
    ;
    Gómez-Crisóstomo, R.
    ;
    Romo-Fernández, L.M.
    ;
    de Moya-Anegón, F.
    Though there are many and diverse opinions as to the order in which the authors appear in research papers, the most accepted is the one which gives more responsibility to the first and last author. In this work, a study is carried out of the order in which the authors appear in research papers, in which at least one author affiliated to the University of Extremadura (Spain) has collaborated in the 1990-2005 period. The objective is to determine the difference in the position of men and women, and the resulting responsibility and visibility of female authors as opposed to male authors. In the University of Extremadura these positions are principally occupied by men, since throughout the period studied, no more than 20% of the papers have women either in the first or last position, while the percentage obtained by men is around 50%, the remaining percentage being occupied by authors not belonging at present to the Uex. Nevertheless, the women of the University of Extremadura have both a higher percentage than expected and a positive evolution in the more relevant positions in recent years. © 2009 Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest, Hungary.