PUBBLICAZIONE/PUBLICATION

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End date: 2009Geographical Area: search.filters.geographical.South America

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Now showing 1 - 4 of 4
  • Item type:Publication,
    Science in Brazil: Contribution of male and female scientists
    (2007)
    Leta, J.
    ;
    Teixeira, F.M.
    The establishment of science is a very recent event in most of the countries located in the south hemisphere. Training human resources for scientific and technological activities seems to be a means to reduce the scientific and technological gap between the two hemispheres. In this process, human diversity, including gender, may play an important role. This study presents data on the scientific publication output of male and female scientists from Brazil. Our aim is to identify some publishing trends, which may contribute to the debate on consequences that emerge from the imbalance between males and females participation in the scientific community, including administrative positions in academia.
  • Item type:Publication,
    Productivity patterns of men and women scientists in Venezuela Open PDF 
    (1992)
    Lemoine, W.
    This paper examines the applicability of Lotka's formulation as a general inverse power (α≠2) and as an inverse square power relationship (α=2) to the distribution of the scientific output in Venezuela. The analysis takes into consideration the sex of the authors and the type of journal, mainstream or national, in which they publish their articles. The data were taken from the last census of scientists and technologists carried out in 1983 by the Venezuelan government. A K-S and a t-test were applied to measure the degree of agreement between the distribution of the observed set of data against the inverse general power relationship (the former test) and the theoretical value of α=2 (the latter). It was found that a general inverse power relationship only describes the productivity pattern of those Venezuelan women scientists who publish in foreign journals. An inverse square power relationship characterizes the distribution pattern for the data set of female authors in all journals and for scientists of both sexes whose contributions appeared in national journals. The values of α suggest that women are less productive than men except in national journals, and Lotka's formulation seems to be useful as an indicator of inequality in male/female scientific productivity. © 1992 Akadémiai Kiadó.
  • Item type:Publication,
    Institutionalization of the sciences, gender system, and scientific production in Brazil (1939-1969) Open PDF 
    (2008)
    Ferreira, L.O.
    ;
    Azevedo, N.
    ;
    Guedes, M.
    ;
    Cortes, B.
    Thanks to policies put in place in the 1930s, women's experiences in higher education increased their professional participation in the academic and scientific worlds. Largely neglected in Brazilian historiography of the sciences, analysis of this phenomenon introduces a new perspective on the meaning of institutionalization and professionalization of scientific activities, a process in which women have played an authentic role. We explore their presence by analyzing the scientific production published in four journals between 1939 and 1969. Gender differences are detected according to the standard of the publication.
  • Item type:Publication,
    Brazilian authorś scientific performance: Does gender matter?
    (2009)
    Batista, P.D.
    ;
    Leta, J.
    The number of women pursuing careers in science has recently increased remarkably. Nevertheless, they still have few chances to be successful in their careers. Low scientific performance is one of the most frequent reasons behind women's failure in science. The present study aims at presenting evidences upon men and womeńs scientific performances. Two different databases were cross-examined to provide trends on publication and visibility (estimated by h-index) of 18,993 Brazilian authors. The results showed that the chances to be within the select group of the most productive Brazilian authors is much higher for male authors. As for those authors with 50 or less publications (90% of the sample), differences in probabilistic were not observed. Similar results were found for the h-index analysis. Regarding the relation between research field and scientific performance, we have found that research field plays an important role for male authors in terms of number of publications and h-index. However, the research field seems to have no effect upon female scientific performance. We hope the empirical evidences presented in this paper may contribute to the debate on gender differences within other scientific communities.