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Gender differences in submission behavior exacerbate publication disparities in elite journals Open PDF
(eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd, 2026-02-20)
Ni, Chaoqun
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Basson, Isabel
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Badia, Giovanna
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Tufenkji, Nathalie
;
Sugimoto, Cassidy R
Women are particularly underrepresented as leading authors of papers in journals of the highest impact factor, with substantial consequences for their careers. While a large body of research has focused on the outcome and the process of peer review, fewer articles have explicitly focused on gendered submission behavior and the explanations for these differences. In our study of nearly 5000 active authors, we find that women are less likely to report having submitted papers to journals of the highest impact (e.g., Science, Nature, or PNAS) and to submit fewer manuscripts, on average, than men when they do submit. Women were more likely to indicate that they did not submit their papers (in general and their subsequently most cited papers) to high-impact journals because they were advised not to. In the aggregate, no statistically significant difference was observed between men and women in how they rated the quality of their work. Nevertheless, regardless of discipline, women were more likely than men to indicate that their 'work was not ground-breaking or sufficiently novel' as a rationale for not submitting to one of the listed prestigious journals. Men were more likely than women to indicate that the 'work would fit better in a more specialized journal'. We discuss the implications of these findings and interventions that can serve to mitigate the disparities caused by gendered differences in submission behavior.
Intersectional inequalities in science Open PDF
(Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2022)
Kozlowski, Diego
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Larivière, Vincent
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Sugimoto, Cassidy R.
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Monroe-White, Thema
The US scientific workforce is primarily composed of White men. Studies have demonstrated the systemic barriers preventing women and other minoritized populations from gaining entry to science; few, however, have taken an intersectional perspective and examined the consequences of these inequalities on scientific knowledge. We provide a large-scale bibliometric analysis of the relationship between intersectional identities, topics, and scientific impact. We find homophily between identities and topic, suggesting a relationship between diversity in the scientific workforce and expansion of the knowledge base. However, topic selection comes at a cost to minoritized individuals for whom we observe both between- and within-topic citation disadvantages. To enhance the robustness of science, research organizations should provide adequate resources to historically underfunded research areas while simultaneously providing access for minoritized individuals into high-prestige networks and topics.
Equity for women in science: dismantling systemic barriers to advancement
(Harvard university press, 2023)
Sugimoto, Cassidy R.
;
Larivière, Vincent
The success of the scientific endeavor depends on a robust workforce. Unfortunately, the scientific workforce fails to be representative of the population. This failure to adequately utilize human capital has strong consequences for progress and innovation. This book examines the labor of women in science. Combining an extensive analysis of several international datasets on scholarly publications, research funding, and survey results, this book provides an empirical account of the various ways the gender gap is observed in the scientific community and combines these findings with anecdotes and profiles of women in science that provide historical context and guide the empirical analysis

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