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Further divided gender gaps in research productivity and collaboration during the COVID-19 pandemic: Evidence from coronavirus-related literature Open PDF
(2022)
Liu, M.
;
Zhang, N.
;
Hu, X.
;
Jaiswal, A.
;
Xu, J.
Based on publication data on coronavirus-related fields, this study applies a difference in differences approach to explore the evolution of gender inequalities before and during the COVID-19 pandemic by comparing the differences in the numbers and shares of authorships, leadership in publications, gender composition of collaboration, and scientific impacts. We find that, during the pandemic: (1) females' leadership in publications as the first author was negatively affected; (2) although both females and males published more papers relative to the pre-pandemic period, the gender gaps in the share of authorships have been strengthened due to the larger increase in males' authorships; (3) the share of publications by mixed-gender collaboration declined; (4) papers by teams in which females play a key role were less cited in the pre-pandemic period, and this citation disadvantage was exacerbated during the pandemic; and (5) gender inequalities regarding authorships and collaboration were enhanced in the initial stage of COVID-19, widened with the increasing severity of COVID-19, and returned to the pre-pandemic level in September 2020. This study shows that females' lower participation in teams as major contributors and less collaboration with their male colleagues also reflect their underrepresentation in science in the pandemic period. This investigation significantly deepens our understanding of how the pandemic influenced academia, based on which science policies and gender policy changes are proposed to mitigate the gender gaps. © 2022 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
Knowledge recency to the birth of Nobel Prize-winning articles: Gender, career stage, and country Open PDF
(2020)
Liang, G.
;
Hou, H.
;
Ding, Y.
;
Hu, Z.
Scientific ideas seldom come entirely from nothing; they often originate from existing knowledge. In this study, we aim to identify the relationship between the knowledge recency and Nobel Prize-winning articles (NPs) from the perspectives of gender, career stage, and country of the originators. Scientific literatures published by Nobel laureates in the Physiology or Medicine field are treated as NPs, and the age of references cited in those literatures are considered a measurement of knowledge recency. Results show that most NPs in this field have been focused on literature with a low mean and median recency, and over half of these works have cited equal to or more than 68 % of recent literature published within five years. Contrary to traditional wisdom, the greatest discoveries made after 1980 have shown an increasing favor to older literature. We also find that there has been no gender gap for the recency of NPs; however, career stage has been an important factor influencing knowledge recency, which means older researchers tend to cite more earlier articles than others. © 2020 Elsevier Ltd.
Female semantic web researchers: Does collaboration with male researchers influence their network status?
(2014)
Chambers, T.
;
Milojevic, S.
;
Ding, Y.
The movement to increase gender diversity in computing and computer science is a well-funded and well researched mission. However, despite this, female representation within the field tends to lag behind that of other disciplines within the academy, both among students and faculty. This study sets out to correlate bibliometric and network measures to identify successful and influential women in the computer science subdomain of semantic web research and identify the impact of their collaboration with both men and other women as part of the their success. Copyright © 2014 ACM.

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