PUBBLICAZIONE/PUBLICATION

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Author: search.filters.author.Cowan, Robin

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  • Item type:Publication,
    Ph.D. research output in STEM: the role of gender and race in supervision
    (United Nations University - Maastricht Economic and Social Research Institute on Innovation and Technology (MERIT), 2020)
    Rossello, Giulia
    ;
    Cowan, Robin
    ;
    Mairesse, Jacques
    We study whether student-advisor gender and race couples matter for publication productivity of Ph.D. students in South Africa. We consider the sample of all Ph.D.s in STEM graduating between 2000 and 2014, after the recent systematic introduction of doctoral programs in this country. We investigate the joint effects of gender and race for the whole sample and looking separately at the sub-samples of (1) whitewhite; (2) black-black; and (3) black-white student-advisor couples. We find early career productivity differences: while female students publish on average 10% to 20% fewer articles than males, this is true mainly for female students working with a male advisor, not for those working with a female one. These disparities are similar, though more pronounced, when looking at the joint effects of gender and race for the white-white and black-black student-advisor pairs. We also explore whether publication productivity differences change significantly for students with a high, medium, or low 'productivity-profile', and find that they are U-shaped. Female students with a high (or low) 'productivity-profile' studying with female advisors are as productive than male students with a high (or low) 'productivity-profile' studying with male advisors.
  • Item type:Publication,
    An econometric investigation of the productivity gender gap in Mexican research, and a simulation study of the effects on scientific performance of policy scenarios to promote gender equality
    (United Nations University - Maastricht Economic and Social Research Institute on Innovation and Technology (MERIT), 2016)
    Rivera Leon, Llorena
    ;
    Mairesse, Jacques
    ;
    Cowan, Robin
    This paper provides evidence on the existence and determinants of the publication productivity gender gap in Mexico at the individual level and on its consequences on the Mexican scientific system and productivity at disciplinary and aggregate levels. The paper specifies and performs a panel data econometric analysis based on a sample of Mexican researchers who are members of the National System of Researchers (SNI) of Mexico in the period 2002-2013. It corrects for a selectivity bias: the existence of periods with no (or low quality) publication, and endogeneity bias: the promotion to higher academic ranks. We define and implement counterfactual simulations to both effects, assess the magnitude of macro-impacts of existing gender gaps and illustrate the potential effects of a range of policy scenarios. The results show no significant gender gaps for an average SNI researcher. Moreover, when correcting for the endogeneity and selectivity biases, we find that the average female researcher in public universities is around 8% more productive than her male peers, with most of the observed productivity being explained by gender differentials in the propensity to have periods of no (or low) quality publication. We find that barriers to promotion to higher academic ranks are highest among females in public research centres. Our macro scenarios on promotion practices, selectivity, collaboration and age show that eliminating gender gaps would increase aggregate productivity by an average of 7% for university females and 9% for females in research centres.